INF-306 Exam Preparation Material | HTML5 Application Development

Explanation:
The correct answers are A and C because background-size: contain and background-size: cover are the CSS values that scale a background image in response to the size of the element or viewport. contain scales the background image as large as possible while preserving the entire image inside the background area. This prevents cropping and maintains the image’s aspect ratio, although empty space may appear if the container and image proportions differ. cover also preserves the aspect ratio, but scales the image until the entire background area is filled; this may crop part of the image, but it prevents empty space. Both values are commonly used in responsive design because the image automatically recalculates its rendered size as the page or element changes dimensions. initial resets the property to its default behavior and does not intentionally create responsive scaling. auto uses the image’s intrinsic dimensions or proportional automatic sizing, so it does not reliably adjust the graphic to different screen sizes in the way required.
References /topics: responsive design, CSS background images, background-size, contain, cover, viewport-based scaling.

Explanation:
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(6, 1fr);
grid-template-rows: 50px 50px 150px 150px 100px;
grid-gap: 10px 15px;
The correct grid definition starts with display: grid; which turns the element into a CSS Grid container. To explicitly create six equal-width columns, the correct property is grid-template-columns, and the most efficient value is repeat(6, 1fr). The repeat() function avoids writing 1fr six separate times, while 1fr assigns each column one equal fraction of the available grid width. The five row sizes must be explicitly declared with grid-template-rows, using the exact varied values shown: 50px 50px 150px 150px 100px. This creates five rows with fixed pixel heights. For the spacing requirement, grid-gap: 10px 15px; is the correct shorthand. The first value controls the row gap, so rows are separated by 10px; the second value controls the column gap, so columns are separated by 15px.
References/topics: CSS Grid containers, explicit grid tracks, grid-template-columns, grid-template-rows, repeat(), fractional units, grid gaps.

Explanation:
The paragraph containing the text Tigers will display first.
False
The section p CSS refers to the parent flexbox container.
False
When the paragraphs have a width less than 200px, the last paragraph will wrap to the next line.
True
The parent flexbox container is the section element because it has display: flex; The paragraphs inside the section become flex items. The display order is controlled by each paragraph’s inline order value, and flex items are laid out from the lowest order value to the highest. Therefore, Zoo Trip with order: 1 displays first, followed by Bears, Lions, and finally Tigers; the statement that Tigers displays first is false. The selector section p does not refer to the parent flexbox container. It targets paragraph elements inside a section, meaning it styles the flex items, not the flex container. The container itself is targeted by the section rule. The final statement is true in intent because flex-wrap: wrap; allows flex items to move to a new line when they cannot fit in the available row. Since each paragraph has min-width: 200px, items are prevented from shrinking below that minimum and wrapping occurs when available space is insufficient.
References/topics: CSS flexbox, flex container, flex items, order, flex-wrap, min-width.

Explanation:
First drop-down: navigator.geolocation
Second drop-down: navigator.geolocation
Third drop-down: getCurrentPosition(showLocation)
The correct API object is navigator.geolocation because browser-based geographic location is exposed through the Geolocation API, not through window.location. window.location represents the current page URL and navigation state; it does not provide latitude or longitude. The first selection checks whether the browser supports geolocation by evaluating navigator.geolocation. Inside the block, the same object must be used to request the user’s current position. The correct method is getCurrentPosition(showLocation), which requests the device’s current location and passes a position object to the callback function when the location is available. The callback then reads position.coords.latitude and position.coords.longitude and displays those values with alert(). The alternatives that pass window.location are incorrect because they provide page-location information rather than geographic coordinates. The alternatives that call showLocation(...) directly are also incorrect because the browser must first retrieve the actual position object.
References/topics: Geolocation API, navigator.geolocation, getCurrentPosition(), callback functions, latitude and longitude.

Explanation:
The correct answer is A. Applying float: right to an image removes the image from the normal inline flow and moves it to the right side of its containing block. Inline content, such as text, is then allowed to flow around the floated image. Because the image is anchored on the right, available text space is primarily on the left side of the image, and the text can continue above, beside, and below the floated region according to the surrounding layout. This is the classic use case for floating images within article-style content, where text wraps around a visual element rather than forcing the image to occupy an entire line.
Option B is incomplete because it omits the important left-side wrapping behavior.
Option C describes the opposite direction: an image floated left with text appearing to its right.
Option D also describes float: left, not float: right.
References/topics: CSS float, floated images, text wrapping, normal flow, content positioning.